Effect of photobiomodulation treatment in the sublingual, radial artery region, and along the spinal column in individuals with multiple sclerosis: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial.
Author information
- 1
- Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE).
- 2
- University Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES) University, Santos, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease, for which the forms of treatment are medication and rehabilitation. However, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that photobiomodulation can be an effective treatment modality for inflammatory diseases, including MS. Photobiomodulation has a broad range of benefits, such as the avoidance of cell and tissue death, the stimulation of healing and injury repair, reductions in pain, edema and inflammation, cell proliferation, and even apoptosis. The outcomes of photobiomodulation include the regeneration of cells, the stimulation of the growth of Schwann cells, a reduction in spasticity, functional improvements, a reduction in nitric oxide levels, and the upregulation of the cytokine IL10, demonstrating that this therapeutic modality can offer neuroprotection.
METHODS:
A randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial is proposed. The patients will be divided into 6 groups. Groups 1 and 2 will receive sham and active photobiomodulation in the sublingual region, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 will receive sham and active photobiomodulation along the spinal cord, respectively. Group 5 will receive placebo treatment with photobiomodulation on the skin in the region of the radial artery with a specific bracelet. Group 6 will be treated with photobiomodulation on the skin in the region of the radial artery.
DISCUSSION:
Treatment for MS is directed at the immune response and slowing the progression of the disease. This is one of the first clinical trials involving photobiomodulation in the sublingual region and along the spinal cord, which could help establish a promising new form of nonpharmacological treatment for autoimmune diseases. This is one of the first clinical trials with sublingual photobiomodulation and along the spinal cord that could help establish a new form of promising treatment of the disease associated with pharmacological treatment.
Low–level laser therapy ameliorates disease progression in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Author information
- 1
- a Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Immunopharmacology , Campus Araranguá, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Araranguá , SC , Brazil .
- 2
- b Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology , Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense , Criciúma , SC , Brazil , and.
- 3
- c Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of Locomotor System , Campus Araranguá, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Araranguá , SC , Brazil.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent episodes of T cell-mediated immune attack on central nervous system (CNS) myelin, leading to axon damage and progressive disability. The existing therapies for MS are only partially effective and are associated with undesirable side effects. Low–level laser therapy (LLLT) has been clinically used to treat inflammation, and to induce tissue healing and repair processes. However, there are no reports about the effects and mechanisms of LLLT in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established model of MS. Here, we report the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of LLLT (AlGaInP, 660?nm and GaAs, 904?nm) irradiated on the spinal cord during EAE development. EAE was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by immunization with MOG35-55 peptide emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Our results showed that LLLT consistently reduced the clinical score of EAE and delayed the disease onset, and also prevented weight loss induced by immunization. Furthermore, these beneficial effects of LLLT seem to be associated with the down-regulation of NO levels in the CNS, although the treatment with LLLT failed to inhibit lipid peroxidation and restore antioxidant defense during EAE. Finally, histological analysis showed that LLLT blocked neuroinflammation through a reduction of inflammatory cells in the CNS, especially lymphocytes, as well as preventing demyelination in the spinal cord after EAE induction. Together, our results suggest the use of LLLT as a therapeutic application during autoimmune neuroinflammatory responses, such as MS.
KEYWORDS:
Demyelination; T cell; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; neuroinflammation; spinal cord
Application of laser radiation and magnetostimulation in therapy of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Author information
- 1Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
- 2Cabinet of physiotherapy “MedicalFizjo”, Poland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Multiple sclerosis is one of the most common neurological disorders. It is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS, whose etiology is not fully understood. Application of new rehabilitation methods are essential to improve functional status.
OBJECTIVE:
The material studied consisted of 120 patients of both sexes (82 women and 38 men) aged 21-81 years. The study involved patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of laser radiation and other therapies on the functional status of patients with multiple sclerosis.
METHODS:
Patients were randomly divided into four treatment groups. The evaluation was performed three times – before the start of rehabilitation, immediately after rehabilitation (21 days of treatment) and subsequent control – 30 days after the patients leave the clinic. The following tests were performed for all patients to assess functional status: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of Kurtzke and Barthel Index.
RESULTS:
Results of all testing procedures show that the treatment methods are improving the functional status of patients with multiple sclerosis, with the significant advantage of the synergistic action of laser and magneto stimulation. The combination of laser and magneto stimulation significantly confirmed beneficial effect on quality of life. The results of these studies present new scientific value and are improved compared to program of rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis by laser radiation which was previously used.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study showed that synergic action of laser radiation and magneto stimulation has a beneficial effect on improving functional status, and thus improves the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. The effects of all methods of rehabilitation are persisted after cessation of treatment applications, with a particular advantage of the synergistic action of laser radiation and magneto stimulation, which indicates the possibility to elicitation in these methods the phenomenon of the biological hysteresis.
The overall assessment of the quality of the physical health of patients with multiple sclerosis after the application of physical therapy. Part 1].
Author information
- 1Katedra Nefrologii i Nadcinienia Tniczego, Klinika Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Fizykalnej Uniwersytet Medyczny, ód
- 2Prywatny Gabinet Fizjoterapii – “MedicalFizjo”, ód?
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Multiple sclerosis is one of the demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. The biggest problem of patients affected by this disease are physical limitations which force many times to changes in employment and dependent on their families.The progressive disability significantly reduces the quality of life of patients with MS.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The study involved 120 patients with multiple sclerosis at the age of 21 – 81 years. Patients were divided into four groups, and the test was performed three times. In the first group was used laser therapy, group II laser and magnetostimulation, in the third group kinesiotherapy in the fourth group magnetostimulation. In all patients MSQOL (Quality of Life Questionnaire-54) was carried out, this survey analyzed overall assessment of physical health.
RESULTS:
In all test groups was observed tends to decrease as a result of a point in Quality of Life Questionnaire MSQOL-54 and continuation in this relationship even after cessation of use of these therapies. The correlation between the two groups showed a statistically significant result at the level of p <0.001 in the group I and II in relation to group III and IV.
CONCLUSIONS:
Synergic action of laser radiation and magnetic stimulation, causing a plurality of changes at the cellular and tissue level, has a beneficial effect on improving functional status, and thereby improves the quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. Thanks to physical therapy, it is possible to achieve long-term effects of therapy, which proves the biological hysteresis phenomenon. Such results can not be achieved with using monotherapy only – by kinesiotherapy.
Low-level laser therapy ameliorates disease progression in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
1a Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Immunopharmacology , Campus Araranguá, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Araranguá , SC , Brazil .
2b Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology , Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense , Criciúma , SC , Brazil , and.
3c Laboratory of Assessment and Rehabilitation of Locomotor System , Campus Araranguá, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Araranguá , SC , Brazil.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent episodes of T cell-mediated immune attack on central nervous system (CNS) myelin, leading to axon damage and progressive disability. The existing therapies for MS are only partially effective and are associated with undesirable side effects. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been clinically used to treat inflammation, and to induce tissue healing and repair processes. However, there are no reports about the effects and mechanisms of LLLT in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an established model of MS. Here, we report the effects and underlying mechanisms of action of LLLT (AlGaInP, 660nm and GaAs, 904nm) irradiated on the spinal cord during EAE development. EAE was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by immunization with MOG35-55 peptide emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant. Our results showed that LLLT consistently reduced the clinical score of EAE and delayed the disease onset, and also prevented weight loss induced by immunization. Furthermore, these beneficial effects of LLLT seem to be associated with the down-regulation of NO levels in the CNS, although the treatment with LLLT failed to inhibit lipid peroxidation and restore antioxidant defense during EAE. Finally, histological analysis showed that LLLT blocked neuroinflammation through a reduction of inflammatory cells in the CNS, especially lymphocytes, as well as preventing demyelination in the spinal cord after EAE induction. Together, our results suggest the use of LLLT as a therapeutic application during autoimmune neuroinflammatory responses, such as MS.
Comparison between Trans-Cranial Electromagnetic Stimulation and Low–Level Laser on Modulation of Trigeminal Neuralgia.
Author information
- 1
- Department of Physical Therapy for Neuromuscular Disorders and its Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University.
Abstract
[Purpose] To determine which of the transcranial electromagnetic stimulation or low level laser therapy is more effective in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia of multiple sclerosis patients. [Methods] Thirty multiple sclerosis patients of both sexes participated in this study. The age of the subjects ranged from 40 to 60?years and their mean age was (56.4-6.6). Participants were randomly selected from Dental and Neurology Outpatient Clinics at King Khalid Hospital, Najran University, Saudi Arabia. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of 15. The Laser group received a low level laser therapy, 830?nm wavelength, 10?Hz and 15?min duration, while the Electromagnetic group received repetitive transcranial electromagnetic stimulation at a frequency of 10?Hz, intensity of 50 mA and duration of 20 minutes. Patients were assessed pre and post treatment for degree of pain using a numerical rating scale, maximal oral mouth opening using a digital calibrated caliper, masseter muscle tension using a tensiometer and a compound action potentials of masseter and temporalis muscles. [Results] There were significant improvements after treatment in both groups, with a significant difference between the Electromagnetic and Laser groups, in favor of the Electromagnetic group. [Conclusion] Repetitive transcranial electromagnetic stimulation at 10?Hz, 50 mA, and 20 minutes duration is more effective than low level laser therapy at reducing trigeminal pain, increasing maximum oral mouth opening, masseter and temporalis muscle tension in multiple sclerosis patients.
KEYWORDS:
Low level laser; Trans-cranial electromagnetic stimulation; Trigeminal neuralgia
J Neuroinflammation. 2012 Sep 18;9(1):219. [Epub ahead of print]
Low-level laser therapy regulates microglial function through Src-mediated signaling pathways: implications for neurodegenerative diseases.
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND:
Activated microglial cells are an important pathological component in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of He-Ne (632.8 nm, 64.6 mW/cm2) low-level laser therapy (LLLT), a non-damaging physical therapy, on activated microglia, and the subsequent signaling events of LLLT-induced neuroprotective effects and phagocytic responses.
METHODS:
To model microglial activation, we treated the microglial BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For the LLLT-induced neuroprotective study, neuronal cells with activated microglial cells in a Transwell[trade mark sign] cell-culture system were used. For the phagocytosis study, fluorescence-labeled microspheres were added into the treated microglial cells to confirm the role of LLLT.
RESULTS:
Our results showed that LLLT (20 J/cm2) could attenuate toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated proinflammatory responses in microglia, characterized by down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression and nitric oxide (NO) production. LLLT-triggered TLR signaling inhibition was achieved by activating tyrosine kinases Src and Syk, which led to MyD88 tyrosine phosphorylation, thus impairing MyD88-dependent proinflammatory signaling cascade. In addition, we found that Src activation could enhance Rac1 activity and F-actin accumulation that typify microglial phagocytic activity. We also found that Src/PI3K/Akt inhibitors prevented LLLT-stimulated Akt (Ser473 and Thr308) phosphorylation and blocked Rac1 activity and actin-based microglial phagocytosis, indicating the activation of Src/PI3K/Akt/Rac1 signaling pathway.
CONCLUSIONS:
The present study underlines the importance of Src in suppressing inflammation and enhancing microglial phagocytic function in activated microglia during LLLT stimulation. We have identified a new and important neuroprotective signaling pathway that consists of regulation of microglial phagocytosis and inflammation under LLLT treatment. Our research may provide a feasible therapeutic approach to control the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
ith multiple sclerosis.
Source
Klinika Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Fizykalnej, Oddzia Fizjoterapii, Uniwersytet Medyczny wodzi. anna.kubsik@wp.pl
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the nervous system, which main manifestations are disseminated demyelinated the changes in the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of this disease is still not known, the curative treatment is not possible. In connection with the alleged autoimmune genesis of MS patients are administered immunomodulatory drugs. Patients with multiple sclerosis suffer from a number of symptoms associated with this disease. The aim of this article is to present the main clinical symptoms characteristic of MS and to present biological effects of low-energy lasers used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
[Application of laser therapy in the physiotherapy of patients with multiple sclerosis].
Author information
- 1Klinika Rehabilitacji i Medycyny Fizykalnej, Oddzia? Fizjoterapii, Uniwersytet Medyczny w ?odzi. anna.kubsik@wp.pl
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the nervous system, which main manifestations are disseminated demyelinated the changes in the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of this disease is still not known, the curative treatment is not possible. In connection with the alleged autoimmune genesis of MS patients are administered immunomodulatory drugs. Patients with multiple sclerosis suffer from a number of symptoms associated with this disease. The aim of this article is to present the main clinical symptoms characteristic of MS and to present biological effects of low-energy lasers used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 5229, pp. 97-103 (2003). Laser Technology VII: Applications of Lasers. DOI: 10.1117/12.520611
Laser biostimulation of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis in respect to the biological influence of laser light.
Peszynski-Drews, Cezary; Klimek, Andrzej; Sopinski, Marek; Obrzejta, Dominik
AA (Technical Univ. of Lodz (Poland)), AB (Copernicus Hospital (Poland)), AC(Technical Univ. of Lodz (Poland)), AD (Technical Univ. of Lodz (Poland))
The authors discuss the results, obtained so far during three years’ clinical examination, of laser therapy in the treatment of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. They regard both the results of former laboratory experiments and so far discovered mechanisms of biological influence of laser light as an objective explanation of high effectiveness of laser therapy in the case of this so far incurable disease. They discuss wide range of biological mechanisms of laser therapy, examined so far on different levels (cell, tissue, organ), allowing the explanation of beneficial influence of laser light in pathogenetically different morbidities.